Would you wear this ring?
With no fear of being caught, will people commit crimes or remain just?
There is a myth about a shepherd named Gyges from Lydia. One day, when he was laying his animals, a thunderstorm occurred, followed by an earthquake. The earthquake opened the ground and revealed a big bronze horse surrounded by other belongings. From the holes on the horse, Gyges saw a corpse inside, and the corpse only had a golden ring on its finger. Gyges took the ring off of the corpse, and later that day, he wore the ring to meet with other shepherds. Just as he was playing with the ring, he turned the ring towards the inside of his hand, and suddenly, everyone else was asking where he went and proceeded to talk like he was not there. Shocked, he turned the ring's setting outwards again and became visible. After testing this many times, Gyges became sure that this ring granted him the superpower of becoming invisible. With this gift or a punishment, Gyges committed so many crimes that, in the end, he even managed to take over the kingdom of Lydia for five generations.
This story has been brought up many times in discussions about ethics, especially in Plato's book Republic. The Republic is considered one of the most important works of Western philosophy. Plato explores concepts like ethics, politics, and justice, as well as old age, love, and immortality, through discussions made through Socratic dialogue. Socrates is well known for his statement that he "only knows that he knows nothing," so in his way of questioning, he takes a pose as he does not know much, and he asks easy and direct questions to get to the basis of the concept the other side argues about.
In the first chapter, Socrates argues with Glaucon and other characters about what old age brings to a person and why people should remain just. However, at the end of this chapter, it is seen that the discussion does not come to an agreement.
In the second chapter, unsatisfied with the previous dialogue, Glaucon wants to show Socrates that people only act just because they fear the consequences or do not have the power to be just or there is a favor in return. So he gives the example of Gyges' ring.
At the end, if there were two such rings, one given to a just and the other to an unjust person, would both individuals act in unethical ways, or would a just person remain just because it is valuable and beneficial to the soul, as Socrates argues?
The discussions of the myth became much more meaningful in our times. Now that we have social media, there is a huge world where people can exist anonymously and behave freely with no fear of revealing their identities. With this invisible ring, some people often reveal their true selves, one that they normally would avoid. So, in this digital age, the question remains: Are we being just because people can see us or because of who we are?